Exosomes Digest (1/4 July 2025)
- Lisa
- 2. Juli
- 4 Min. Lesezeit
We have collected the most exciting new researches in the field of genetics and cellular research in the past week.
Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCs
Exosomes, containing molecular constituents of their cell of origin, including proteins and nucleic acids, were first discovered in immature red blood cells in 1983. Excellent intercell communication can be achieved by shuttling these various molecules between cells. Stem cell-derived exosomes (SC-Exos) contain paracrine-soluble factors that play important roles in tissue development, homeostasis, and regeneration. This paracrine activity of SC-Exos has been found to be a predominant mechanism by which stem cell-based therapies mediate their effects on degenerative, autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases. Compared to other types of stem cells, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are the most popular because of their efficient immunomodulatory effects. The advantages and disadvantages of using exosomes isolated from the stem cell trio for therapeutic applications are further discussed in this review.
Exosomes applications in kidney diseases
Kidney diseases are prevalent worldwide and represent a significant cause of mortality, posing a substantial threat to public health. Exosomes are a type of nanoscale lipid-encapsulated structure with a diameter of 30–200 nm. They contain a variety of substances including proteins, mRNA, and microRNA. It has been demonstrated that they fulfill a significant function in the regulation of intercellular communication. The inherent characteristics of exosomes, including their ability to regulate complex intracellular pathways, suggest a significant therapeutic potential in the treatment of numerous diseases, including renal diseases. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of exosome in kidney diseases, exploring the underlying mechanisms that underpin their function. Furthermore, it examines the limitations of current applications and potential solutions to address these challenges. It is hoped that this review will contribute to the advancement of exosome research and application in the field of kidney diseases.
Exosomes and immune modulation: implications for neuroblastoma immunotherapy
Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles involved in cell homeostasis. Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) promote tumor progression by creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), inhibiting T and NK cell activity, preventing dendritic cell maturation, and expanding immunosuppressive cell populations. Cancer Stem Cell (CSC)-derived exosomes further trigger functional changes in immune cells subsets, enhancing immune suppression. Consequently, blocking the release or the uptake of TDEs significantly impact immunotherapy efficacy, making them potential therapeutic targets. On the other hand, NK cell-derived exosomes can be engineered to carry immune-activating molecules or inhibitors of immune checkpoint molecules to elicit immune responses. This review highlights the interplay between TDEs and immune cells, particularly NK cells, in different tumors, with a focus on neuroblastoma, and explores exosome-based strategies to improve immunotherapy efficacy.
miRNAs and exosomes in psoriasis: coordinating cytoskeleton dynamics and extracellular matrix remodeling
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation, immune dysregulation, and abnormal epidermal differentiation. Its pathogenesis involves complex interactions among keratinocytes, fibroblasts, T cells, and myeloid cells, where dynamic cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix changes critically mediate intercellular communication. Emerging evidence highlights the pivotal roles of miRNAs and exosomes in coordinating these processes: miRNAs regulate cytoskeletal organization and extracellular matrix composition, while exosomes act as intercellular messengers that deliver miRNA-mediated signals, collectively shaping cell behavior and disease progression. This review synthesizes current knowledge on how miRNA-exosome networks drive cytoskeleton-extracellular matrix crosstalk in psoriasis, emphasizing their implications for cellular communication and tissue remodeling. By elucidating these mechanisms, we identify potential therapeutic opportunities to target pathogenic signaling pathways, offering new strategies for psoriasis management.
Applied StemCell Launches hiEX™ Research iPSC Exosomes to Power Next-Generation Regenerative Medicine Research
Applied StemCell, a leading provider of advanced stem cell and gene editing technologies since 2008, today announced the release of hiEX™ Research iPSC Exosomes, a new research-use-only product designed to enable scientists to explore the therapeutic potential of iPSC-derived exosomes in areas such as wound healing, aging, and nerve regeneration.
Isolated from a single, well-characterized induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, hiEX™ Research iPSC Exosomes offer a consistent and scalable alternative to donor-derived exosomes. While available off-the-shelf in PBS, they can be custom-formulated and even engineered, thanks to the presence of Applied StemCell’s patented TARGATT™ large knock-in technology in the source cell line, turning hiEX™ Research iPSC Exosomes into a versatile platform for discovery and translational research.
Exosomes: Small Particles, Big Potential in Regenerative Medicine
NEW YORK - June 21, 2025 - PRLog -- Exosomes are emerging as one of the most promising tools in regenerative medicine, offering therapeutic effects through their ability to influence cell-to-cell communication. At AMSA Biotech, we use exosomes treatment as a non-cellular but highly potent approach for a wide range of conditions, from inflammation and degenerative disease to skin rejuvenation and autoimmune regulation. Unlike traditional treatments that often rely on replacing damaged cells or suppressing symptoms, exosomes deliver biological signals that trigger the body's natural repair systems—gently, safely, and effectively.
Advanced Drug Delivery Systems in Dermatology and Cancer Immunotherapy: A Synthesis of Targeted Therapeutics and Immune Regulation
Effective drug delivery to the skin or tumor microenvironment requires overcoming biological barriers while precisely modulating immune responses. In dermatology, topical therapies must penetrate the stratum corneum without triggering inflammation, whereas cancer immunotherapy demands targeted delivery to stimulate anti-tumor immunity with minimal off-target effects. This review evaluates advanced drug delivery systems (DDS)—exosomes, oleosomes, liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), polymeric nanoparticles, and dendrimers—for their design, biological interactions, and applications in dermatology (e.g., wound healing, psoriasis) and cancer immunotherapy (e.g., antigen delivery, checkpoint modulation). By synthesizing insights from both fields, we highlight how these systems address shared challenges, such as penetration barriers and immune regulation, and explore their potential to advance precision medicine. These technologies promise to unify skin and cancer therapies, enhancing precision and patient outcomes.
